Independent index: figures taken from official tariffs, not from agents
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Second passport and residence:
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Six ways to relocate — not only by investing

Investing is not the only route. Capital, business, income, qualifications, or remote work — each has its own entry bar and conditions.

RBI · 43 in the index
Residence by investment
Put money into real estate, a fund, or a business — get the right to live there. Citizenship is almost always a separate, much longer story.
CBI · 16 in the index
Citizenship by investment
A non-refundable contribution or investment — the passport is issued right away, no naturalisation wait. Mostly Caribbean nations, Vanuatu, and a handful of other jurisdictions.
BUSINESS · 38 in the index
Business and entrepreneurship
Status in exchange for a genuinely operating business — opened, bought, or built locally. Unlike RBI, you cannot be a passive investor.
INCOME · 27 in the index
Passive income and pension
Status in exchange for documented regular income from abroad — a pension, rent, dividends. No investment or business, just proven financial stability.
NOMAD · 13 in the index
Digital nomad
Status for people who keep working remotely for clients or an employer abroad. Usually temporary, often with no path to permanent residence or citizenship.
STUDENT · 9 in the index
Studying
Status for the duration of enrolment at an accredited institution — the cheapest entry bar in practice (unlike INCOME and NOMAD, the requirement is enrolment, not income), but tied to studying and usually with a limited right to work.
WORK · 13 in the index
Employer-sponsored work
Status based on a job offer from a local employer and a salary above the country’s threshold. Unlike TALENT, it does not require exceptional achievement — just a matching vacancy and qualifications.
FAMILY · 8 in the index
Family reunification
Status for the spouse, children, or other dependants of someone already living legally in the country. The requirement is not capital or work — it is kinship and the sponsor’s income above a set minimum.
TALENT · 5 in the index
Skills and talent
Status based on profession, salary, or recognised achievement — not capital. The index does not yet have a fully built-out programme in this category.
STATUS
BUDGET
GOAL
172 programmes
COUNTRY
STATUS
ENTRY FROM
TIMELINE
STAY REQUIREMENT
KEY ADVANTAGE
SerbiaResidence permit via company formation
Residence
ENTRY FROM€263
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 3 years (raised from 1 year in November 2025) → PR after 3 years
no visa-free travel
There is NO minimum investment amount at all — only registration fees (≈€43 registration + ≈€220 government fee) and proof of genuine company activity; this is the first published Serbia programme on the site — the real-estate route with no fixed threshold was deliberately not published earlier
Bosnia and HerzegovinaResidence permit via company registration
Residence
ENTRY FROM€500
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 12 months, renewable → PR after 3 years
no visa-free travel
From €500 in registered capital — one of the most accessible thresholds in Europe; genuine activity is scrutinized (invoices, payroll, tax filings); the property-ownership alternative has no formal minimum value at all, but requires proving a "genuine and lasting connection" to the country (heritage, family, business, pension) — ownership alone is not sufficient
UruguayVisa de Estudio
Residence
ENTRY FROM$2,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of the programme
no visa-free travel
A balance of $2,000+ held for 180+ days — the figure is published on a single-country consular page, not as one unified national threshold
ArmeniaBusiness-based residence permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM$2,743
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewable → PR after 3 years
no visa-free travel
One of the most accessible thresholds in the region — company turnover or account balance from AMD1,000,000 (≈$2,743) over the 60 days before filing; a separate investor fast-track has been announced, but its specific amounts had not been published as of the checked date
SpainDigital nomad visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€2,849
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
183 days a year
no visa-free travel
200% of the minimum wage (SMI), access to Beckham Law flat tax
BoliviaSpecific Purpose Visa (Objeto Determinado)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$3,600
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1-2 year temporary residence → PR after 2 years
no visa-free travel
No fixed legal threshold exists — in practice the benchmark is ≈$300/month (a larger amount strengthens the application); Bolivia does NOT split visas into Pensionado/Rentista/Inversionista — a single flexible category covers all residency purposes; territorial taxation doesn’t tax foreign income
MaltaNomad Residence Permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM€3,500
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
Nomad Residence Permit with a 10% tax rate
PortugalD8 digital nomad visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€3,680
TIMELINEfrom 8 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
183 days a year
no visa-free travel
Digital nomad visa, income from €3,680 a month
ColombiaV Visa — Rentista (passive income)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$5,650
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 2 years, renewal at the discretion of the Foreign Ministry
no visa-free travel
Threshold is pegged to the minimum wage (SMMLV) — 10×SMMLV/month in 2026 = COP17,509,050 (≈$5,650 at the checked-date rate, floating currency); does not count toward permanent residency
SlovakiaPrechodný pobyt — podnikanie
Residence
ENTRY FROM€5,904
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 3 years
no visa-free travel
Financial security is calculated as a multiple of the životné minimum (€295.22/mo for 2026): 20x for sole traders, 100x for LLC directors
SpainStudent visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€6,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of studies
no visa-free travel
Enrolment at an accredited institution + 100% IPREM/month for living costs
ChileVisa Sujeta a Contrato
Residence
ENTRY FROM$7,380
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 2 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
Salary at or above the Ingreso Mínimo Mensual — CLP553,553/mo (≈$615/mo) from 01.05.2026
South KoreaD-8-4 (OASIS) startup visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$7,400
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
long-term startup status, path: OASIS → D-10-2 → D-8-4
no visa-free travel
Minimum capital just from KRW10M (≈$7,400) — notably lower than the D-8-1 threshold ($72K per applicant); instead of large capital, a competitive points system applies (80+ points, a patent or OASIS training completion mandatory); visa duration and the path to PR are not detailed in sources
UruguayResidencia Legal Temporaria (work-based)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$7,440
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
6 months to 2 years initially
no visa-free travel
Salary at or above the Salario Mínimo Nacional — ≈$620/mo from 01.07.2026
ItalyFamily reunification (Ricongiungimento Familiare)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€7,101
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
The sponsor’s income is calculated as a multiple of the assegno sociale (2026: €7,101.12/year), not a flat sum
TürkiyeWork permit (Çalışma İzni)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$8,241
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
Salary from 1× minimum wage (domestic staff) to 5× (senior management), employer capital from TRY 500,000
PanamaPPT-6, 10% ordinary-staff category
Residence
ENTRY FROM$10,200
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years, then permanent residence
no visa-free travel
An employment contract certified by MITRADEL, salary from B/.850/mo (1 balboa = 1 US dollar)
IrelandStamp 2 student visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€10,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of studies
no visa-free travel
Enrolment in an ILEP-listed programme + €10,000 in available funds
TürkiyeFamily residence permit (Aile İkamet İzni)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$10,995
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 3 years at a time
no visa-free travel
Sponsor income = minimum wage + 1/3 minimum wage per reunited family member
ItalyStudent visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€10,180
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of studies
no visa-free travel
Threshold raised in 2026 to €10,179.85/year — nearly double the previous figure
FranceVLS-TS student visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€10,530
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of studies
no visa-free travel
Enrolment via Études en France/Campus France + proven means of €877.50/month
SpainFamily reunification (Reagrupación familiar)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€10,800
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
until the sponsor’s permit expires
no visa-free travel
The sponsor’s income is calculated as 150% IPREM for a 2-person family + 50% IPREM per additional member
PortugalStudent visa D4
Residence
ENTRY FROM€11,040
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of studies
no visa-free travel
Financial means = the minimum wage as of the AIMA appointment date (2026: €920/mo), not the filing date
PanamaPensionado Visa
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$12,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
permanent residency immediately upon approval
no visa-free travel
Pension from $1,000/month from a guaranteed source (government pension, annuity, insurance company) + $250/month per dependent; no minimum age
Costa RicaPensionado (retiree) category
Residence
ENTRY FROM$12,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2-year renewable residence
no visa-free travel
A lifetime pension from abroad from $1,000/month; permanent residency available after 3 years, citizenship after 7 years of continuous residence
PeruRentista visa (passive income)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$12,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
indefinite validity, no periodic renewal
no visa-free travel
Passive income from $1,000/month sourced outside Peru (pension, annuity) + $500/month per dependent; permanent residency available after 3 years, citizenship after 5 years (raised from 2 years by Law No.32421 in August 2025)
ChileRentista visa (passive income)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$12,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 2 years → PR after 2 years
no visa-free travel
No official threshold is published — in practice from $1,000–1,500/month + ≈$500/month per dependent; the widely cited "$125,000 lump sum" alternative is NO LONGER accepted as evidence since the 2022 immigration-law reform — regularly arriving income is now required
NicaraguaPensionado/Rentista (under Law No.761)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$12,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1-year residence, renewable 4 times → PR
no visa-free travel
Pension from $1,000/month (age 45+) or other income from $1,250/month (no age minimum) + $150/month per dependent; the special Law No.694 with a direct-to-PR shortcut and tax breaks was REPEALED by Law No.1210 in August 2024 — the ordinary temporary-residence regime now applies
PortugalD7 visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€11,000
TIMELINEfrom 7 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
183 days a year
no visa-free travel
D7 visa for those living on passive income
GermanyStudent visa (§16b AufenthG)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€11,904
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of studies
no visa-free travel
University enrolment + a blocked account (Sperrkonto) of €11,904
UAEEmployment visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$13,070
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
By law the employer bears all visa costs, not the employee
PanamaPPT-7, family reunification
Residence
ENTRY FROM$13,200
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years, then independent permanent residence
no visa-free travel
Sponsor income = B/.1,000/mo + B/.100 per additional dependent (balboa = US dollar 1:1)
GreeceSingle work permit (Ε.4)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€12,880
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
A job offer from an employer + salary at or above minimum wage (€920/mo from 01.04.2026)
South KoreaStudent visa D-2
Residence
ENTRY FROM$14,472
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
for the duration of studies
no visa-free travel
A bank balance of ₩20M+ (≈$14,500), held for 28+ days — confirmed by several independent sources, not a direct hikorea.go.kr fetch
GuatemalaResidencia de Rentista/Pensionado (IGM-016-2025)
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$15,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
PR immediately, no temporary phase
no visa-free travel
Income from $1,250/month + $300/month per dependent — permanent residency is granted immediately, with no temporary status or annual renewals; income is re-verified every 5 years; some sources cite a lower $700/month "Pensionado" tier — the more detailed source citing Acuerdo IGM-016-2025 does not confirm that split; it describes one unified category with one threshold
PhilippinesSRRV Classic
Residence
ENTRY FROM$15,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous, while the deposit is maintained
no visa-free travel
A $15,000 deposit + pension from $800/mo (single applicant) OR $30,000 without a pension; the programme was restructured 01.09.2025, minimum age lowered to 40
LithuaniaShareholder/CEO residence permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM€14,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
Personal stake from €14,000 (one-third of company capital from €28,000) + company operating 6+ months + hiring 1+ EU-citizen employee earning from €2,693/month; an extended 3-year status requires from €260,000 and 5 full-time employees
GermanyFamily reunification (Familiennachzug)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€15,744
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
The sponsor’s income is calculated individually by family composition, not a flat sum for everyone
EcuadorRentista visa (9-VI, passive income)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$17,352
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2-year temporary residence (renewable once) → PR
no visa-free travel
Passive income from $1,446/month (3×the 2026 SBU) + $250/month per dependent; unlike Pensionado, income does NOT need to be guaranteed for life (rent, dividends, trusts, royalties); PR eligible after 21 months, citizenship after a further 3 years of PR
Dominican RepublicPensionado / Rentista, Law No. 171-07
Residence
ENTRY FROM$18,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
permanent, fast-tracked to PR
no visa-free travel
Pension from $1,500/mo (Pensionado) or investment/rental income from $2,000/mo (Rentista) — both figures are stated verbatim in Law No. 171-07; the widely cited "$200,000" investor threshold does NOT appear in the text of Decree 950-01 itself
UruguayIndependent Means (Rentista) — direct PR
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$18,000
TIMELINEfrom 9 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
permanent residency granted directly, no temporary phase
no visa-free travel
No legally fixed threshold exists — the immigration authority assesses solvency case-by-case; in practice applicants demonstrate income from $1,500/month (more for a family), certified by a Uruguayan notary (escribano)
HondurasPensionado/Rentista
Residence
ENTRY FROM$18,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
indefinite subject to visits; citizenship after 3 years
no visa-free travel
Pensionado — a lifetime pension from $1,500/month; Rentista — other stable income from $2,500/month + $150/month per dependent; residency is effectively indefinite provided the holder visits at least once a year and is never absent for more than 12 consecutive months
South KoreaMarriage visa F-6
Residence
ENTRY FROM$18,231
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous, tied to the marriage
no visa-free travel
Household income rises with household size — from KRW25,195,752/yr for a couple in 2026
JapanHighly Skilled Professional (HSP)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$19,700
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
70+ points — PR after 3 years; 80+ points — PR after 1 year
no visa-free travel
A points system (education, income, age, Japanese language, experience in Japan, top-ranked university) replaces capital; minimum income from ¥3M/year (≈$19,700) is mandatory even at 70+ points for the business-management and technical/specialist categories; the spouse gains unrestricted work rights, and parents and a domestic helper can be brought under conditions
ColombiaVisa V Estudiante
Residence
ENTRY FROM$20,400
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 2 years
no visa-free travel
Financial means — exactly 3× SMLMV/month (Colombia’s minimum wage), confirmed by bank statements
PortugalD3 visa for highly qualified activity
Residence
ENTRY FROM€19,337
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
The threshold is 3× IAS (the social-benefits index), not a fixed sum — €1,611/mo for 2026
ArgentinaRentista Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$24,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewable, PR after 2 years
no visa-free travel
The statutory formula is 5x Argentina’s minimum wage (SMVM) — ≈$1,245/mo at the 26.08.2026 rate; but actual consular practice requires more — a working benchmark of ≈$2,000/mo plus a ≈$24,000 reserve
BrazilVITEM XIV — retirement visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$24,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years, renewable → PR after 4 years
no visa-free travel
A monthly pension transfer from $2,000 to a Brazilian account; formally proving retiree status is not required — what matters is a stable, transferable income; a visit to Brazil of at least 14 days per 2-year period is required for renewal
South AfricaRetired Person Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$24,000
TIMELINEfrom 9 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
4 years, renewable → PR after 5 years
no visa-free travel
Lifetime-guaranteed income from R37,000/month (≈$2,000) — a pension, annuity, or irrevocable retirement fund; there is NO minimum age requirement despite the visa’s name; standard drawdown products without a lifetime guarantee don’t qualify
MauritiusRetired Non-Citizen Permit (50+)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$24,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years, renewable → 20-year PR after 5 years
no visa-free travel
Age 50+: guaranteed income from $2,000/month ($24,000/year), transferred into Mauritius; some sources cite a lower $1,500/month figure — not confirmed by the dedicated residency portal; working or running a business in Mauritius is prohibited under this permit
BelizeQualified Retired Persons (QRP)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$24,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
indefinite, while the income is maintained
no visa-free travel
Income from $2,000/month ($24,000/year) sourced outside Belize, in USD/GBP/EUR/CAD only; minimum age 40; full exemption from tax on foreign income, capital gains and inheritance
FranceTalent — renommée nationale ou internationale
Residence
ENTRY FROM€22,404
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 4 years
no visa-free travel
No job offer and no investment required — only proven national/international renown and income at or above SMIC (€22,404/yr)
BrazilVITEM IX — investor visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$27,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
temporary status, then transition to PR
no visa-free travel
Standard threshold R$500,000 (≈$90,000), reduced to R$150,000 (≈$27,000) for investment in innovation, research, or activity of significant economic and social relevance
MaltaStartup Residence Programme
Residence
ENTRY FROM€25,000
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
3 years + renewal up to 5 years → PR
no visa-free travel
A Malta-incorporated startup from €25,000 capital/tangible investment + €10,000 per co-founder beyond the first 4 (maximum 6 co-founders); the company must be registered for no more than 7 years; physical residence and paying taxes in Malta are mandatory
CroatiaResidence permit via d.o.o. registration
Residence
ENTRY FROM€25,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 5 years continuous residence → PR
no visa-free travel
The legal minimum share capital for a d.o.o. is just €2,500 — but company ownership alone does not grant residency; in practice, an investment from €25,000 + hiring at least 3 Croatian citizens full-time is expected — a practical benchmark, not a fixed legal minimum; the director must genuinely manage the company and draw a "qualifying" salary
PolandTemporary residence permit — business activity
Residence
ENTRY FROM$28,187
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 3 years
no visa-free travel
Company income from 12x the GUS average salary (the threshold is regional, based on the voivodeship of registration) OR hiring 2+ full-time employees on indefinite contracts
ArgentinaInversionista Visa (Article 23(d), Law No.25,871)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$30,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
residence, renewable → citizenship after 2 years
no visa-free travel
⚠️ The law formally requires ARS1,500,000 — but peso collapse has long made that figure meaningless; in practice the immigration authority assesses real economic substance, with the actual hard-currency threshold running $30,000-60,000; ACTIVE business management is required, not a passive investment
NetherlandsFamily reunification (Gezinshereniging)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€28,044
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
Sponsor income from €2,337/mo gross (07–12.2026 period) — the same official IND scale used for Highly Skilled Migrant
SpainNon-Lucrative Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€29,000
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
183 days a year
no visa-free travel
Non-Lucrative Visa: proven income instead of investment
AustriaRed-White-Red Card — start-up founders
Residence
ENTRY FROM€30,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
24 months, then RWR Card plus (unrestricted labour market access)
no visa-free travel
Company capital from €30,000 with 50%+ ownership — but capital alone isn’t enough: a minimum of 50 out of 85 points is required across qualification, experience, language, and bonuses
CzechiaDigital Nomad Programme
Residence
ENTRY FROM$35,227
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
long-stay visa, exact term to confirm with MPO/CzechInvest
no visa-free travel
IT and marketing specialists only, from a restricted list of nationalities; foreign-company employees — from CZK60,530/month (≈$35,227/year), freelancers — from CZK69,836/month (1.5x average salary, ≈$40,639/year)
TürkiyeDigital Nomad Identification Certificate
Residence
ENTRY FROM$36,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
tied to status
no visa-free travel
Foreign-sourced income from $3,000/mo; age 21–55, a university degree, and only for citizens of countries on the approved list
BotswanaInvestor Visa (Category 12) — business residence permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM$37,300
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years initially, renewed in 3-year periods
82 visa-free countries
Threshold BWP 500,000 (≈$37,300 at current rate); requires 60% Botswana-citizen staff; PR after 5 years, citizenship after 10 years
HungaryFehér Kártya (White Card)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€36,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year + extension up to 2 years
no visa-free travel
Income from €3,000 net/mo over 6 months + a €10,000 savings buffer; working for a Hungarian employer is not allowed
IrelandCritical Skills Employment Permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM€36,848
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
A job offer from an employer + salary from €36,848 (recent graduates) to €68,911 (no occupation restriction)
ThailandLTR Visa — Wealthy Pensioner
Residence
ENTRY FROM$40,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years (5+5), renewable
no visa-free travel
Age 50+: passive income from $80,000/year OR $40,000-79,999/year + a $250,000 investment in Thailand; exempt from Thai tax on foreign income remitted into the country; a separate LTR category from Wealthy Global Citizen — here it’s age and income, not assets
SloveniaDigital nomad residence permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM€38,400
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 1 year, non-renewable
no visa-free travel
The threshold is 2x Slovenia’s average net salary — a periodically recalculated figure, currently around €3,200/mo
UAEVirtual Working Programme
Residence
ENTRY FROM$42,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year
no visa-free travel
Income from $3,500/mo outside the UAE; since 27.01.2026, 6 months of bank statements are required instead of the previous 3
FranceTalent — salarié qualifié (Talent Passport)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€39,582
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
contract term, up to 4 years
no visa-free travel
A fixed salary threshold decoupled from SMIC by decree 2025-539; no labour-market test (opposabilité) applies
Saudi ArabiaPremium Residency — Special Talent
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$44,800
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years, PR-eligible after 30 months in-country
no visa-free travel
3 distinct salary thresholds by profession: researchers from SAR14,000/month (≈$44,800/year) plus publications/patents, healthcare/scientific from SAR35,000/month (≈$112,000/year), executives from SAR80,000/month (≈$256,000/year)
CyprusDigital Nomad Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€42,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year + renewal up to 3 years total
no visa-free travel
Net income from €3,500/month + 20% for a spouse + 15% per child; the visa does NOT automatically make you a tax resident — residency is determined by the 183-day rule; non-dom status (17-year SDC exemption) is available if conditions are met
CroatiaPrivremeni boravak — digitalni nomadi
Residence
ENTRY FROM€43,470
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 18 months
no visa-free travel
€3,622.50/mo (2.5x average net salary) + 10% per family member; income is fully exempt from Croatian income tax
EcuadorInvestor Temporary Residency Visa (9-V)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$48,200
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years, then transition to PR
no visa-free travel
From $48,200 (100x the 2026 SBU, $482/mo) — real estate, a 2-year fixed deposit, or a stake in an Ecuadorian company; the only Ecuadorian residency category with NO monthly income requirement at all, dependents included
MaltaKey Employee Initiative (KEI)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€45,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
Fast-track for key employees, decision in 5 working days; the standard Single Permit has no fixed salary but requires a local labour-market test
UAERetirement Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$49,014
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years
no visa-free travel
Income from AED180,000/yr (emirates outside Dubai) or from AED240,000/yr (Dubai specifically, via GDRFA) — requirements differ by emirate; age 55+, 15+ years’ experience
GermanyEU Blue Card (§18g AufenthG)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€45,934
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous, 27 mo to permanent residence
no visa-free travel
A lower threshold applies to shortage occupations; permanent residence after 27 months (21 with B1 German)
BarbadosWelcome Stamp
Residence
ENTRY FROM$50,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
12 months, re-applicable
no visa-free travel
Income from $50,000/year sourced outside Barbados; holders do NOT become Barbados tax residents — continue paying tax in their home tax jurisdiction
EgyptResidence permit via real estate
Residence
ENTRY FROM$50,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 to 5 years, depending on the amount
no visa-free travel
Three tiers: from $50,000 — 1 year, from $100,000 — 3 years, from $200,000 — 5 years; does NOT automatically grant work rights and does NOT guarantee a path to permanent residency — sources explicitly note no automatic transition
MalawiBusiness Residence Permit (BRP)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$50,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years, renewable in 5-year periods
70 visa-free countries
The $50,000 threshold is confirmed directly by the Department of Immigration's own portal; funds must originate from a legal source outside Malawi
MexicoTemporary residency — income/savings
Residence
ENTRY FROM$52,800
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewable 1–3 years → PR after 4 years
no visa-free travel
Income from $4,400/month over 6 months OR an average balance from $73,000 over 12 months — the two routes are not combinable, one must be met in full; since 2026 the calculation is pegged to the UMA rather than the minimum wage, which prevented a jump to $5,100+/month
SingaporeEmployment Pass (EP)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$52,819
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years initially
no visa-free travel
The threshold rises with age: from S$5,600/mo (age 23) to S$10,700/mo (45+); financial services is higher and COMPASS points are checked separately
SloveniaResidence permit via d.o.o. registration
Residence
ENTRY FROM€50,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 2 years (2025 reform), extendable to 3 years → PR after 5 years
no visa-free travel
The legal minimum d.o.o. capital is €7,500 — but that alone is insufficient for residency; genuine activity is proven through one of several paths: investment from €50,000 in fixed assets, OR revenue from €10,000/month in the first 6 months, OR hiring a Slovenian citizen — specific figures are practical assessment criteria, not a universal statute
NetherlandsHighly Skilled Migrant (Kennismigrant)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€52,284
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
Job offer from an IND-recognised sponsor, no labour-market test; the salary threshold depends on age
ColombiaVisa M — Investor/company partner
Residence
ENTRY FROM$56,662
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 3 years
no visa-free travel
3 distinct thresholds by route: partner/owner of own company from 100 SMMLV (≈$56,662), real estate from 350 SMMLV (≈$198,321), foreign direct investment (FDI) from 650 SMMLV (≈$368,315)
IrelandStamp 0 — persons of independent means
Residence
ENTRY FROM€50,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
no right to work, renewable
no visa-free travel
From €50,000/year for a single applicant, from €100,000/year for a couple — only reliable ongoing income (pension, annuity, dividends, rent) counts, one-off capital gains do not; plus a lump sum equal to the cost of housing in the chosen region
RomaniaResidence via commercial activity (OUG 194/2002)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€50,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewable
no visa-free travel
From €50,000 — company director (no job-creation requirement) OR SRL shareholder creating 10 jobs; SA shareholder — from €70,000 and 15 jobs
AzerbaijanResidence Permit by Investment
Residence
ENTRY FROM$58,800
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1-year temporary residence → PR after 2 years
no visa-free travel
Property, a bank deposit, or securities from AZN100,000 (≈$58,800 at the fixed 1.7 AZN/$1 rate) — temporary residence; from AZN200,000 (≈$117,600) — permanent residence; or a direct investment in the economy from AZN500,000; there is NO direct investment route to citizenship — only standard naturalization after 5 years of PR
Costa RicaRentista (Person of Independent Means)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$60,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2-year residence → PR after 3 years
no visa-free travel
Income from $2,500/month, bank-certified for 24 months, OR a one-time $60,000 deposit in an approved Costa Rican bank that disburses that amount — both options total the same sum; mandatory Caja (social security) contribution of ≈9-10% of the stated income; running your own business is allowed, but working as an employee is not
EstoniaDigital Nomad Visa (D-visa)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€54,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 365 days, a second application possible for up to 18 months total
no visa-free travel
From €4,500/month GROSS income over the 6 months before filing — the official minimum; practitioners recommend targeting €4,500 net for a safety margin in assessment
LatviaBusiness investment
Residence
ENTRY FROM€60,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 day a year
no visa-free travel
Cheapest way into the Schengen area
ParaguaySUACE — investment PR
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$70,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
PR immediately, bypassing the 2-year temporary stage
no visa-free travel
⚠️ The widely advertised "$5,000 deposit = instant PR" was ABOLISHED by Law No. 6984/22. The current route is a commitment to invest from $70,000 in the Paraguayan economy over 10 years via SUACE — the only legal exception to the standard 2-year temporary-residency wait
RomaniaViza DN, digital nomad
Residence
ENTRY FROM€66,600
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
long-stay visa → 1-year residence permit
no visa-free travel
Income from 3x Romania’s average gross salary (≈€5,550/mo for 2026); income is tax-exempt for the first 6 months
South KoreaD-8-1 Corporate Investment Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$72,364
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewable while investment is maintained
no visa-free travel
Investment from KRW100M (≈$72K) required PER APPLICANT individually — pooling shares between two co-investors does not qualify; minimum 10% of voting shares
PhilippinesSpecial Investor's Resident Visa (SIRV)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$75,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
indefinite, while the investment is maintained
no visa-free travel
From $75,000 in shares of listed companies or a new/existing corporation in priority sectors — DIRECT REAL ESTATE PURCHASES (including a condo) DO NOT QUALIFY, the investment must be in a business entity, not personal property; a 6-month probationary visa is issued first to convert funds into a qualifying investment
IrelandFamily reunification (non-EEA)
Residence
ENTRY FROM€75,000
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
From 12.06.2026 the Category A threshold rose from €40,000 to €75,000 cumulative over 3 years; only one sponsor’s income counts
VanuatuLand Owner Resident Visa (leasehold)
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$85,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 10 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
Not to be confused with Vanuatu's own DSP passport — this is a slow residency-first route, not instant citizenship
São Tomé & PríncipeDevelopment fund contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$90,000
TIMELINEfrom 7 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
60 visa-free countries
Lowest entry threshold in the index
NauruTreasury fund contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$90,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
89 visa-free countries
"Iruwa Initiative" promo price through 31 Dec 2026, then $115,000
MauritiusOccupation Permit — Investor
Residence
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
⚠️ Threshold doubled from $50,000 to $100,000 under the 2026–2027 Budget; the separate Family Occupation Permit category has been COMPLETELY ABOLISHED by the same budget
UzbekistanResidence permit via property purchase
Residence
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years, with extension
no visa-free travel
Threshold depends on region: Tashkent from $300,000, Samarkand/Bukhara/Namangan/Andijan/Fergana/Khorezm from $200,000, Karakalpakstan and other regions from $100,000 — three distinct tiers, not one figure
KenyaClass G — investor work permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1-2 years, renewed annually
no visa-free travel
From $100,000 confirmed in a Kenyan bank account, invested in a Kenyan business; separately, an annual permit-issuance fee of KES250,000 (≈$1,932/year) — not a one-time payment, but recurring on every renewal
CambodiaCambodia My 2nd Home (CM2H)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years, renewable, no minimum-stay requirement
no visa-free travel
From $100,000 (inclusive of government fees) in an approved real-estate project; the threshold has varied since the programme launched in July 2022 — confirm the current figure with a licensed agent; foreigners can own a condominium (above ground floor) directly or through a Cambodian company structure
PanamaReforestation Investor Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years (regular route) → PR in ≈3 years
no visa-free travel
From $100,000 ($90K for 5+ hectares of a certified reforestation project + $10K for up to 8 years of maintenance) + $2,000 per dependent; an express route from $360,000 grants permanent residency directly in 60-180 days with no provisional phase; the investment must be maintained for at least 5 years after PR is granted
RwandaCitizenship via substantial & sustainable investment
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
66 visa-free countries
The official IremboGov portal confirms the procedure itself but does NOT publish a figure — $100,000 is cited only by immigration consultancies
MongoliaInvestor Visa (Category B1)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 1 year initially, extendable up to 3 years
64 visa-free countries
The official Invest Mongolia portal confirms the procedure and timelines but does NOT state the amount — the $100,000 threshold is confirmed by an independent source, not the government directly
United StatesE-2 visa via Grenada passport
Residence
ENTRY FROM$100,000
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
E-2 visa on a Grenada passport, renewable indefinitely
MoldovaResidence Permit by Investment
Residence
ENTRY FROM€100,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 to 8 years depending on the amount
no visa-free travel
A business from €100,000 creating at least 10 jobs for Moldovan citizens and operating for at least 3 years, OR government bonds from €250,000 held for at least 5 years; citizenship available after 10 years of residence on the permit
VietnamDT1–DT4 investor visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$114,918
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
DT1/DT2 — card up to 10/5 years, DT3 — up to 3 years, DT4 — annual visa only, no card
no visa-free travel
Threshold tied to company capital: DT3 from VND3B (≈$115K) is the lowest tier that grants a residence card (TRC) at all — DT4 below that gets no card
AustriaRed-White-Red Card — self-employed key workers
Residence
ENTRY FROM€100,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
24 months, then Niederlassungsbewilligung → 3 years
no visa-free travel
From €100,000 in sustained investment capital transferred to Austria — OR an alternative: job creation/preservation, technology transfer, or regional significance; no points system, assessment is individual
BahrainGolden Residency Visa — retiree (non-resident)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$127,660
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
For those who did NOT work in Bahrain — pension from BHD4,000/month (≈$127,660/year); for those with 15+ years worked in-country the threshold is half — from BHD2,000/month
VanuatuDSP programme
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$130,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
95 visa-free countries
Fastest passport in the world — from two months
IndonesiaSecond Home Visa (KITAS E33)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$130,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 or 10 years, your choice — same threshold either way
no visa-free travel
A IDR2 billion (≈$130,000) deposit in your own name at an Indonesian state bank (Mandiri, BNI, BRI, BTN), interest-bearing, or property from $1M; local employment is prohibited, remote work for a foreign employer is allowed; permanent stay (KITAP) after 3 years
UAEGolden Visa — Entrepreneur
Residence
ENTRY FROM$136,145
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years
no visa-free travel
An innovative project from AED 500,000 endorsed by an accredited incubator, or a business with revenue from AED 1M/year
PeruCalidad Migratoria Inversionista
Residence
ENTRY FROM$149,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewed annually → PR
no visa-free travel
Threshold raised to PEN500,000 (≈$149,000) — the widely cited "from $25,000" figure is outdated; investment in a new or existing Peruvian company with an approved business plan
MalaysiaMM2H — Malaysia My Second Home, Silver tier
Residence
ENTRY FROM$150,000
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
4 tiers after the reform: SEZ (Forest City only, from $32–65K by age), Silver from $150K, Gold from $500K, Platinum from $1M — every tier ADDITIONALLY requires a separate mandatory property purchase on top of the deposit
GeorgiaResidence permit via property purchase
Residence
ENTRY FROM$150,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewed annually
no visa-free travel
⚠️ Threshold raised from $100,000 to $150,000 effective 1 March 2026 (+50%); those who purchased before the deadline renew under the old threshold with no new appraisal, as long as they keep the property
UAEGolden Visa — Outstanding Specialised Talents
Residence
ENTRY FROM$163,376
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years, no employer sponsor required
no visa-free travel
The "executive" track — from AED50,000/month (≈$163K/year), a degree and 5 years’ experience; doctors/scientists/cultural figures qualify via nomination with no salary threshold at all
MontenegroResidence permit via real estate
Residence
ENTRY FROM€150,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 year, renewable
no visa-free travel
⚠️ New €150,000 minimum introduced 17.01.2026 — previously there was no formal threshold at all; does not apply to EU/EFTA/Iceland/Liechtenstein/Norway/Switzerland nationals; permits issued before that date renew without proving value
MaltaMPRP, permanent residence
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM€169,000
TIMELINEfrom 1.3 yrs
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
Indefinite status, dependants can be added later
JapanBusiness Manager Visa (経営・管理ビザ)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$188,349
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous, tied to business status
no visa-free travel
Threshold sharply raised from 16.10.2025 — was JPY5M (≈$33K) OR 2 employees, now JPY30M (≈$188K) AND at least 1 full-time employee, both required
DominicaEDF fund contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$200,000
TIMELINEfrom 9 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
144 visa-free countries
Lowest entry point among Caribbean programs
PanamaFriendly Nations Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$200,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years (provisional residency) → PR
no visa-free travel
Property from $200,000 (held 2+ years) or a fixed-term deposit from $200,000 (locked 3+ years) at a Panamanian bank — the threshold is fixed and does NOT rise for a family; the widely cited "$5,000" figure has been outdated since the 2021 reform; available only to citizens of ≈50 "friendly" nations
Dominican RepublicResidencia por Inversión (Law No.285-04)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$200,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
fast-tracked path to citizenship
no visa-free travel
Capital from $200,000 in real estate, business equity, or an approved development project — under the general investor category (Law No.285-04, Decree 631-11); a separate $500,000 figure appears for the CONFOTUR tourism-incentive route — a different, narrower path, not the general threshold; citizenship available from 6 months to 2 years depending on the category
Cabo VerdeCitizenship via significant investment (no residency)
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$200,000
TIMELINEfrom 9 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
63 visa-free countries
The 2003 Citizenship Act names no specific amount — $200,000 is customary practice, not a fixed statutory threshold; naturalization via 5 years of permanent residence is the alternative route without investment
QatarResidency by Real Estate Investment
Residence
ENTRY FROM$200,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
from 1 year (PR requires 90 days/yr physical presence)
no visa-free travel
Property from QAR730,000 (≈$200,000) — 1-year renewable residence; from QAR3.65M (≈$1M) — 5-year permanent residence
JordanResidency through real estate
Residence
ENTRY FROM$212,000
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 5 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
From JOD150,000 (≈$212,000) outside the Capital Governorate; JOD200,000 from a developer; JOD300,000 from a private seller — held 5 years without sale/mortgage
MalaysiaPremium Visa Programme (PVIP)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$213,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
20 years, no minimum-stay requirement
no visa-free travel
A fixed deposit of RM1M (≈$213K) + income from RM40,000/month (≈RM480K/year) + a RM200,000 government fee for the main applicant (separate from the deposit); since March 2026 the deposit can be partly withdrawn after just 6 months, and income can be met via onshore sources/net worth too, not only foreign income; grants the right to work, run a business, and study WITHOUT separate permits — broader than MM2H
Saudi ArabiaPremium Residency — Unlimited Duration
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$213,333
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
indefinite
no visa-free travel
A one-time SAR800,000 fee — indefinite status with no property, business, or income requirement; alternative: SAR100,000/year for up to 5 years
FijiInvestor Permit — 7 years
Residence
ENTRY FROM$225,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
7 years for investment from FJD500,000; 3 years for a smaller amount
no visa-free travel
FJD500,000 (≈$225,000) is the dividing line between the 3-year and 7-year permit; for the 3-year permit (investment BELOW this amount) the embassy source states no fixed lower floor — assessed case-by-case via Foreign Investment Certificate approval
Antigua & BarbudaNDF fund contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$230,000
TIMELINEfrom 8 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 days in 5 years
151 visa-free countries
Best terms for families of four and more
North MacedoniaCitizenship via special economic interest
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM€200,000
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
⚠️ NOT a formal CBI programme — a discretionary government decision under "special economic interest" criteria, not an automatic entitlement; from €200,000 in a private investment fund for 2 years OR from €400,000 in new facilities + hiring 10 workers for 1 year
GrenadaNTF fund contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$235,000
TIMELINEfrom 8 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
145 visa-free countries
Only Caribbean passport with US E-2 access and visa-free China
Saint LuciaNEF fund contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$240,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 yrs
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
146 visa-free countries
Government bond option returns the capital
St Kitts & NevisSISC fund contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$250,000
TIMELINEfrom 7 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
156 visa-free countries
10-year US visa, no personal income tax
EgyptTreasury contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$250,000
TIMELINEfrom 9 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
52 visa-free countries
State real estate purchase or a direct treasury contribution
Sri LankaResident Guest Scheme — investor category
Residence
ENTRY FROM$250,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 5 years
no visa-free travel
From $250,000 for the applicant plus $35,000 per dependent — deposited into a special account at a Central Bank-approved commercial bank; covers spouse, children, and both sets of parents
UzbekistanGolden Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$250,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years
no visa-free travel
A $250,000 investment for the main applicant + $150,000 per family member (spouse, children, parents); launched 1 June 2025 by presidential decree to stimulate entrepreneurship and exports — a separate programme from the region-based real estate purchase thresholds
ZambiaInvestor’s Permit — business-based residence route
Residence
ENTRY FROM$250,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
initial term not officially published, renewal available
64 visa-free countries
$250,000 for a new company OR $150,000 for joining an existing one — two distinct thresholds, not one; a Residence Permit becomes available after 3+ years on the Investor’s Permit
PortugalGolden Visa, funds
Residence
ENTRY FROM€250,000
TIMELINEfrom 1 yrs
STAY REQUIREMENT
7 days a year
no visa-free travel
Funds yielding up to 10%, citizenship after 10 years (7 for CPLP countries)
ItalyInvestor Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM€250,000
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
Flat-tax regime on worldwide income
HungaryGolden Visa, fund units
Residence
ENTRY FROM€250,000
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
Real estate fund units, ten-year status
LatviaResidence permit via real estate
Residence
ENTRY FROM€250,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
From €250,000 in property (one or several units) + a 5% state fee on the value; the property cannot be sold for at least 5 years. A reform approved by Parliament on 11.06.2026 (replacing this with a single €150,000 fund) was returned by the President for a second review on 19.06.2026 — it has NOT entered into force; the old rules still apply
PanamaQualified Investor
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$300,000
TIMELINEfrom 7 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
1 day in 2 years
no visa-free travel
$300,000 real-estate price valid through 15 October 2026, then $500,000
KazakhstanInvestor visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$300,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10-year residence permit, renewable
no visa-free travel
From $300,000 in the charter capital of a Kazakh company or in local publicly traded securities; requires nomination by "Kazakh Invest" or the Foreign Ministry’s Investment Committee — applicants cannot file directly without this invitation
TanzaniaClass A Residence Permit — investor (TIC registration)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$300,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
residence permit for owners/investors
no visa-free travel
Threshold depends on ownership structure: wholly foreign-owned — from $500,000, joint venture — from $300,000, predominantly Tanzanian-owned — from $100,000; registration with the Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) provides one-stop facilitation for licences and tax incentives
BarbadosSpecial Entry and Reside Permit (SERP)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$300,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
Category 2 — renewable 5-year terms; Category 1 after age 60 — indefinite
no visa-free travel
Category 2 (property owner) — from $300,000 in real estate, WITHOUT the right to work in Barbados; Category 1 (high-net-worth investor) — from $2M investment + net worth from $5M, with an automatic work entitlement
GeorgiaInvestment Residence Permit — business/real estate
Residence
ENTRY FROM$300,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
5 years (not 1 year, unlike the standard property-based residence permit)
no visa-free travel
From $300,000 in a Georgian company or real estate — a SEPARATE, larger programme, not to be confused with the standard property residence permit from $150,000 (a different programme on the site); for the business route, escalating company-turnover requirements apply (from $50K year 1 to $120K from year 3); grants a path to citizenship after 10 years with Georgian language proficiency
Hong KongTop Talent Pass Scheme (TTPS), Category A
Residence
ENTRY FROM$320,513
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
2 years initially
no visa-free travel
No job offer required — annual income from HK$2.5M in the year before filing, or a top-university degree (Categories B/C)
CyprusPR through real estate
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM€300,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
once every 2 years
no visa-free travel
Indefinite status with no residence requirement
BahrainGolden Residency Visa — Real Estate
Residence
ENTRY FROM$345,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
Threshold cut by 35% in 2025 — was BHD200,000, now BHD130,000
IndonesiaGolden Visa, KITAS E28C
Residence
ENTRY FROM$350,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
no physical-presence requirement
no visa-free travel
From $350,000 for 5 years; from $700,000 (or $1M in property) for 10 years — no company required, via government bonds/shares/deposits
TürkiyeReal estate purchase
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$400,000
TIMELINEfrom 8 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
118 visa-free countries
Property can be resold after three years
GreeceGolden Visa, real estate
Residence
ENTRY FROM€400,000
TIMELINEfrom 8 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
From €400,000 outside Athens and top resorts, from €800,000 in Attica/Thessaloniki/Mykonos/Santorini
AndorraPassive Residency
Residence
ENTRY FROM€400,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
residence permit, renewable
no visa-free travel
⚠️ Threshold raised from €600K to €1M by the Omnibus 2 Law (in force from 13.02.2026); alternative — from €400,000 via the Housing Fund (Fons d'Habitatge); the refundable deposit was scrapped for a non-refundable €50,000 state fee + €12,000 per dependent
GhanaResidence via foreign enterprise (GIPA Act 2026)
Residence
ENTRY FROM$500,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
residence permit, expedited 5-day recommendation to Immigration Service
no visa-free travel
⚠️ From 15.07.2026 the minimum capital was COMPLETELY ABOLISHED for most foreign enterprises (except trading) — was $200K (joint venture) / $500K (wholly foreign-owned); for trading the threshold wasn’t removed but halved to $500,000 (was $1M), now cash-only
TürkiyeCitizenship by investment, bank deposit
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$500,000
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
118 visa-free countries
A $500,000 deposit in a Turkish bank for 3 years — an alternative to real estate; government bonds and investment-fund units are also available at the same amount
OmanGolden Visa
Residence
ENTRY FROM$520,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
From OMR200,000 (≈$520,000 at the fixed 2.6008 rate) — seven routes to choose from: property in ITC tourism zones, business equity, government bonds, listed securities, a fixed-term deposit, creating 50 jobs for Omani nationals, or nomination under the Foreign Investment Law; some sources cite additional OMR250,000/500,000 tiers — not confirmed as current
SwitzerlandForfait Fiscal — lump-sum taxation
Residence
ENTRY FROM$541,662
TIMELINEfrom 4 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
residence permit (permit B), renewable
no visa-free travel
2026 federal minimum taxable base — CHF435,000 (reduced to CHF400,000 for EU/EFTA citizens); cantons may set a higher minimum, and the actual figure is often set through individual negotiation
UAEGolden Visa, 10 years
Residence
ENTRY FROM$545,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
once every 6 months
no visa-free travel
Ten-year Golden Visa, no personal income tax
BulgariaPermanent residence, Art. 25 FRBA, AIF units
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM€511,292
TIMELINEfrom 5 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
From €511,292 (BGN1M) in alternative investment fund units (fund assets from €1.53M), or from €255,646 in a Bulgarian company’s capital with 10 jobs created
LuxembourgInvestor residence permit
Residence
ENTRY FROM€500,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 3 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
4 routes from €500,000 to €20 million — real estate explicitly excluded from ALL of them; the €500K new-business route requires creating 5 jobs within 3 years, not capital alone
JordanCitizenship by investment, project outside Amman
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$705,000
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
From JOD500,000 (≈$705,000) — a project outside Amman; JOD700,000 in Amman; or JOD1M in company shares; or $1M in returnable treasury bonds for 6 years
South AfricaFinancially Independent Permit
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$751,439
TIMELINEfrom 8 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
immediate permanent residence
no visa-free travel
The threshold is NOT an investment but confirmed PERSONAL NET WORTH from R12M (≈$751,000); a one-time non-refundable government fee of R120,000 (≈$7,500) applies only upon approval; grants the right to work and run a business on par with South African citizens, except voting rights and a passport
United StatesEB-5 visa
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$800,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 yrs
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
Green cards for the whole family, citizenship in five years
BahamasEconomic Certificate of Permanent Residence
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$1,000,000
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
indefinite, no income tax
no visa-free travel
Threshold raised from BSD750,000 to BSD1,000,000 (≈1:1 to the dollar) effective 01.01.2025 — from BSD1.5M grants accelerated review without an interview; the investment must be held for at least 10 years
ThailandLTR Visa — Wealthy Global Citizen
Residence
ENTRY FROM$1,000,000
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
10 years (5+5), renewable
no visa-free travel
⚠️ The $80,000/year income requirement was REMOVED in February 2025 — the category now qualifies on assets alone: $1M in global assets, at least $500,000 invested in Thailand
El SalvadorFreedom Passport — citizenship by crypto contribution
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$1,000,000
TIMELINEfrom 2 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
citizenship immediately, no residency requirement
130 visa-free countries
A non-refundable $1,000,000 contribution to a government development fund, payable ONLY in Bitcoin or USDT; ≈$1,000 per additional family member; the programme is capped at 1,000 applicants per year
SeychellesPermanent Residence Permit — investor
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$1,000,000
TIMELINEfrom 6 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
PR, exact validity period not detailed by sources
no visa-free travel
⚠️ NOT a direct "invest → get PR" route: the $1M+ investment requires ALREADY having resided in Seychelles for at least 5 years on a Gainful Occupation Permit or as a Dependent Permit holder — the investment opens a transition to PR FOR THOSE ALREADY ESTABLISHED, not instant access from abroad
Saudi ArabiaPremium Residency — Real Estate Owner
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$1,066,667
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
up to 5 years, renewable
no visa-free travel
A completed residential property from SAR 4M, mortgage-free, appraised by an accredited "Taqeem" valuer; status is tied to ownership
Saudi ArabiaPremium Residency — Business Investor
Permanent residence
ENTRY FROM$1,866,667
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
continuous
no visa-free travel
Investment from SAR 7M in a business holding a MISA license + creating 10 jobs for Saudi nationals within 2 years
JordanCitizenship via Amra City (new route)
Citizenship
ENTRY FROM$2,118,644
TIMELINEfrom 9 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
temporary residency until project launch, then a 3-year temporary passport
no visa-free travel
A separate new route as of July 2026 — from JOD1.5M (≈$2.12M) in the Amra City project AND creating at least 20 jobs for Jordanian nationals, confirmed via Social Security records
Hong KongNew Capital Investment Entrant Scheme
Residence
ENTRY FROM$3,846,154
TIMELINEfrom 3 mo.
STAY REQUIREMENT
not required
no visa-free travel
HK$30M (≈$3.85M): HK$27M in permissible assets (including property, capped at HK$10M) + HK$3M into the government-managed CIES investment portfolio

Figures exclude government fees, due diligence charges and agent fees. A full family quote is prepared once you pick a programme. Sources: national legislation and official government tariffs. Verified against official sources on 27 August 2026.

Market map

Every programme placed by budget and time to status. Columns are how long you wait, rows are how much you commit.

Citizenship
Permanent residence
Residence
UNDER 3 MONTHS
3–6 MONTHS
6–12 MONTHS
12 MONTHS AND OVER
$300,000+
upper segment
CyprusThailandAndorraKazakhstanLuxembourgGhanaTanzaniaEl SalvadorOmanBarbadosGeorgiaUAESaudi ArabiaSaudi ArabiaBahrainIndonesiaHong KongHong Kong
BahamasSwitzerlandSeychellesBulgariaJordanTürkiye
TürkiyeGreecePanamaSouth AfricaJordan
United States
$150,000–$300,000
core segment
GeorgiaMontenegroSri LankaPanamaDominican RepublicUzbekistanMalaysiaFijiLatviaZambiaUAESaudi ArabiaQatar
ItalyHungaryMalaysiaNorth MacedoniaJordanJapan
St Kitts & NevisGrenadaDominicaAntigua & BarbudaSaint LuciaEgyptPortugalCabo Verde
Malta
$50,000–$150,000
accessible entry
VanuatuNauruLatviaColombiaBarbadosMauritiusEstoniaUzbekistanAustriaIrelandIndonesiaMexicoMoldovaAzerbaijanEgyptPhilippinesCambodiaPanamaCosta RicaSloveniaVanuatuMalawiMongoliaPeruParaguaySingaporeNetherlandsUAEBahrainRomaniaRomaniaVietnamSouth Korea
KenyaRwandaUnited StatesIreland
São Tomé & Príncipe
$0–$50,000
no major capital
PanamaPanamaColombiaEcuadorArgentinaDominican RepublicLithuaniaArmeniaAustriaBrazilColombiaCosta RicaPeruEcuadorCyprusBrazilChileJapanNicaraguaGuatemalaHondurasThailandMauritiusArgentinaBoliviaBosnia and HerzegovinaSerbiaCroatiaBotswanaUruguayBelizeChileSpainFranceIrelandGermanyIrelandGermanyGreeceTürkiyeTürkiyeItalyUAEMaltaUAEUAESaudi ArabiaHungarySlovakiaPolandCzechiaSloveniaCroatiaPhilippinesTürkiyeFranceFranceSouth KoreaSouth KoreaSpainPortugalMalta
PanamaMaltaSouth KoreaUruguaySpainSpainGermanyItalyNetherlandsPortugal
UruguaySouth AfricaPortugalPortugal

Budget is the minimum entry threshold (investment or documented income), excluding fees and services. Timeline runs until the status is in hand.

Where requests go most often

All 26 programmes →
PT
PortugalResidence
ENTRY FROM
€250,000
TIMELINE
12+ mo.
Funds yielding up to 10%, citizenship after 10 years (7 for CPLP countries)
ES
SpainResidence
ENTRY FROM
€29,000
TIMELINE
4+ mo.
Non-Lucrative Visa: proven income instead of investment
TR
TürkiyeCitizenship
ENTRY FROM
$400,000
TIMELINE
8+ mo.
Property can be resold after three years
GR
GreeceResidence
ENTRY FROM
€400,000
TIMELINE
8+ mo.
From €400,000 outside Athens and top resorts, from €800,000 in Attica/Thessaloniki/Mykonos/Santorini
MT
MaltaPermanent residence
ENTRY FROM
€169,000
TIMELINE
15+ mo.
Indefinite status, dependants can be added later
GD
GrenadaCitizenship
ENTRY FROM
$235,000
TIMELINE
8+ mo.
Only Caribbean passport with US E-2 access and visa-free China

What happens after you apply

STEP 01

You mark the programmes

From the table or the guided match. No documents or passport scans at this stage — only budget, family size and timing.

STEP 02

Your request goes to 2–3 firms

Where the country keeps a register of agents, only firms from that register. Where it does not, we check the legal entity and its track record for that country. You see exactly who receives it before you send it.

STEP 03

They compete for you

Each one returns a full cost breakdown and a timeline. You compare the offers and decide, with no obligation.

Who does the work

All 14 firms →

An independent list of firms in the market — not our partners. We do not forward requests to them or receive payment for referrals.

Henley & Partners
Лондон, Великобритания · since 1997
The largest advisory firm in the industry — over 70 offices worldwide; also advises governments on designing migration programmes.
NTL Trust
Карибский регион (офисы в Латинской Америке, Европе, на Ближнем Востоке и в Азии) · since 1994
30+ years in citizenship and residence by investment, officially accredited by several Caribbean governments; also trust and corporate services.
Arton Capital
Монреаль, Канада · since 2006
Global financial advisory firm specialising in residence and citizenship by investment.
Astons
Дубай, ОАЭ (основана в Лондоне) · since 1989
One of the oldest firms in the market, over 9,000 clients from 100+ countries; Golden Visa, citizenship and RBI worldwide.
La Vida Golden Visas
Лондон, Великобритания · since 2002
Over 20 years of experience, clients from 160+ countries; specialises in Portugal’s Golden Visa and other EU programmes.
CS Global Partners
Лондон (Мэйфэр), Великобритания · since 2012
Holds an official government mandate to promote the citizenship-by-investment programmes of St Kitts & Nevis, Dominica, and Saint Lucia.
HOW THE SERVICE WORKS

Why our numbers hold up

We are paid by partner firms, not by you. That is why it pays us to publish real figures instead of luring you with an understated price.

01

We are not an agent

Applications are handled by partner firms. Where a country keeps an official register of agents we show the licence number; where it does not, we show what the selection was based on. We do not prepare documents or file on your behalf.

02

Partners pay us, you do not

The firm you choose pays our fee. It is not added to their price for you and it does not affect their position in the listing.

03

Every figure is traceable

Each amount cites its source: a statute or an official government tariff. Discrepancies are flagged and dated.

Start with a quote, not a sales call
Two minutes to get matched, and you see the full cost for your family.
Get matched in 2 minutes →See the table